This is about an exercise in [Bass]:
Exercise 19.5. Prove that if
is infinte-dimensional, that is, it has no finite basis, then the closed unit ball in
is not compact.
Proof. Choose an orthonormal basis , then
. This means the sequence is not Cauchy hence has no convergent subsequence.
For a Banach space, by Riesz’s lemma to find a non-Cauchy sequence.
[Bass] Bass, R. F. (2013). Real analysis for graduate students. Createspace Ind Pub.